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Longhope, Orkney
Longhope is a coastal settlement on the island of South Walls, in Orkney, Scotland. South Walls is linked to Hoy by causeway; Longhope is the largest settlement on the two islands. The settlement is situated on the B9047, the main road on Hoy and South Walls.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=B9047 )〕
==History==
A coastal artillery battery, Hackness Gun Battery,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=South Walls, Hackness, The Battery )〕 was established near Longhope at to defend gathering Baltic convoys from enemy attack. Excavation undertaken by Headland Archaeology proved that this battery had undergone two stages of development. It was built between 1813 and 1815 in response to a perceived threat from American privateers. On recommendations made by the Admiralty the base was constructed alongside one of only three martello towers in Scotland;〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Hoy, Crockness, Martello Tower )〕 the others being across the bay from Hackness at Crockness and the Tally Toor in Leith.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Leith Martello Tower )〕 Eight 24-pounder guns were placed in the original battery, but were replaced in 1866 with four 68-pounder guns as part of an overhaul. This remodelling was in response to a perceived threat from Fenians based in America. No guns were ever fired in anger from the battery and the excavated remains have been left for public display.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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